For anyone interested in the Shakespeare authorship question, we now have an extraordinary view of the research carried out since 1920, when J. Thomas Looney published “Shakespeare” Identified in Edward de Vere, seventeenth Earl of Oxford (1550-1604) up to now: AN INDEX TO OXFORDIAN PUBLICATIONS (First Edition: 2012), edited by James A. Warren, who has provided us with an invaluable gift in form of 273 pages of useful information.
The index includes more than 4,200 unique entries. For starters, it provides full coverage of everything published in the newsletters and journals of the current Oxfordian organizations: the Shakespeare Oxford Society, the Shakespeare Fellowship and the De Vere Society (UK). Also there’s full coverage of material printed by both the American and the English branches of the old Shakespeare Fellowship as well as in the Elizabethan Review (Gary Goldstein), the Edward de Vere Newsletter (Nina Green) and other publications – not to mention hundreds of citations for articles in books and magazines from the nineteenth century until the end of 2011.
Speaking for myself, I certainly could have used the INDEX when I started tackling this subject back in 1987 and realized that so many others, for decades, had been digging in the same field of Elizabethan-Jacobean biography and history. A veritable gold rush of research had been occurring, in regard to what I felt must be one of the greatest mysteries of all time, and no one had ever mentioned it to me! But this incredibly exciting (and blasphemous) material was scattered all over the landscape, without anyone having kept an accounting of which subjects had been covered by whom as well as when and where.
And now, complementing the INDEX, we have Shakespeare Online Authorship Resources (SOAR), created and run by Bill Boyle at The New England Shakespeare Oxford Library. SOAR is on its way to providing instant access to all the articles covered by the INDEX, including those from publications not currently available on the Internet.
“Perhaps the biggest benefit of this Index comes not from the articles indexed in it,” writes Jim Warren (who deserves an award for this work) in his introduction, “but from the reminder it offers Oxfordians today that they are part of the long and arduous effort to garner rightful recognition of Edward de Vere the seventeenth Earl of Oxford as the author of the greatest literary creations in human history.”
AUTHORSHIP QUOTE OF THE DAY:
“If the writing is honest it cannot be separated from the man who wrote it.” – Tennessee Williams
We have concluded:
Shakespeare was a prolific theatrical entrepreneur. His company produced plays branded ‘Shakespeare’ as a result of a collaborative effort involving a stable of the finest playwrights and poets, notably Ben Jonson, as well as the royal court.
The nobleman Vere may well have provided ideas and information for Shakespeare’s stable. Besides, like other courtiers, Vere used common poets like Jonson to write pieces in their own name for the pleasure of Her/His Majesty. NB: Vere died 1604.
Ben Jonson came out of the woodwork in 1597 with the infamous “Isle of Dogs” that nearly gave the government an excuse to shut down (even pull down) all playhouses. But my point is that “Shakespeare” came into print (as poet) in 1593, four years earlier, and already some of his plays were being performed anonymously (and until the second half of 1598, when the name was put on printed plays). So the Oxford theory takes this eruption in the 1590’s as a new phase of what had gone before, when Oxford was demonstrably writing poetry and plays in the latter 1570’s and all during the 1580’s, with the likes of Lily, Lodge, Greene, Munday, Watson, Kyd, and many others (“University Wits”) who created the great rise of English drama and literature up to the Armada victory of 1588. The Oxford theory concludes that all the first and/or early versions of plays to be attributed later to “Shakespeare” were completed by some time in 1589. The theory would then be, further, that Oxford (possibly with some help) began revising these plays for performance and publication beginning in the 1590’s.
The theory is that originally these plays — well, especially the “comedies” or satires — had been created for the royal court during the 1570’s and 1580’s. That was phase one. After Oxford died in 1604, others may have added to already existing plays, i.e., some topical references; but even the Tempest, as shown by Stritmatter and Kositsky, had all its source material available way before then. So this is a matter for Oxfordians of having to move the time frame backward, earlier, by roughly fifteen years. And of course this creates, finally, a reasonable and possible pathway of development for what finally became the Shakespeare works.
Even half the plays in the 1623 folio had never been printed before then. And for some there was never a performance record.
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